Outline Studies in the Old Testament for Bible Teachers — Reading Companion

Geography as a Framework for History

The first study, 'The Old Testament World,' opens with the assertion that 'the Bible is primarily a book of history' and that understanding its lands is essential. Hurlbut defines the historical field as extending 'from the river Nile to the lands east of the Per´sian Gulf' and from the northern Red Sea to the southern Caspian, an area 'less than half the area of the United States.' This geographical framing is consistent throughout the excerpts; for example, in the study of Solomon's reign, he lists commerce with 'E´gypt, A-ra´bi-a, Tar´shish, and O´phir' as a source of wealth. The catalog subject 'Bible. Old Testament -- Textbooks' does not capture this emphasis on physical setting as a primary organizing principle.

Institutional and Political Analysis

Hurlbut's treatment of Solomon's reign exemplifies his institutional approach. He enumerates 'five general aspects of Is´ra-el' during that period: peace, strong government, wide empire, abundant wealth, and literary activity. Under wealth, he itemizes five sources: conquests, tribute, commerce, taxes, and public building. He then lists six 'dangers,' including absolute power, formal worship, luxury, taxation, heathen customs, and tribal jealousy. This structured, almost formulaic presentation—complete with a 'Blackboard Outline' and 'Questions for Review'—reflects the textbook's design for memorization and classroom recitation. The catalog subject does not convey this systematic, pedagogical method.

Pedagogical Apparatus and Its Implications

The excerpts include a 'Blackboard Outline' that condenses the lesson into abbreviated phrases (e.g., 'V. Gen. Asp. Isr. 1. Pea. 2. Str. gov. 3. Wi. emp. 4. Abun. weal.') and a set of review questions. This apparatus reveals the work's intended use: not for private study but for oral instruction by Sunday school teachers. Hurlbut also adds two new lessons—'The Old Testament as Literature' and 'How We Got Our Bible'—at the committee's request, indicating a responsiveness to contemporary educational trends. The catalog entry, however, lists only 'Bible. Old Testament -- Textbooks,' omitting the work's specific training purpose and its reliance on mnemonic devices.

Readers approaching this text should recognize it as a period piece of religious education, not a modern critical introduction. Its value lies in its snapshot of early 20th-century pedagogical methods and its systematic organization of then-current biblical scholarship. The blackboard outlines and review questions are best used as historical artifacts of how the Old Testament was taught in Sunday schools, rather than as study aids for contemporary readers.